Machinery Industry Informationization in the Environment of Globalization
Flanged Trunnion Ball Valves,Rtj Trunnion Ball Valve,Api 6D Trunnion Ball Valves,Forged Flanged Ball Valve ZHENGQIU VALVE GROUP CO.,LTD , https://www.sealweldballvalve.com
In today's world, with increasingly fierce market competition and ever-changing technological changes, economic globalization, giant enterprises and social informatization are now approaching us. The intellectualization, integration, digitization and greening of products and technologies have become the trend of development and important competition means. Economic globalization is not the consensus of all. The opponents are both developed and developing countries. However, irrespective of people's subjective wishes, economic globalization has in fact become an irreversible trend. We can not but pay attention to its direction. The main features of globalization can be attributed to: global mergers and acquisitions, the upgrading and transfer of international industrial institutions, the globalization of finance, global procurement and support, global design and manufacturing. Since the 1990s, the global wave of mergers and acquisitions has taken off and the amount of mergers and acquisitions has risen from 11.3 trillion U.S. dollars in 1990 to 26.2 trillion U.S. dollars in 1998. The scope of mergers and acquisitions is huge, the amount of transnational corporations is high, The characteristics that emerge from economic relations are the logical result of the globalization process. A few years ago the world auto industry mergers and acquisitions, people remember. So far this trend is not over, but also rolled up to China. The result of the merger, the formation and expansion of a number of multinational corporations. At present, there are about 53,000 multinational corporations in the world who play a leading role in the world economy, accounting for about 40% of the world's GDP, 50-60% of the global trade volume, and 60-70% of the global trade in technology. , 90% of global foreign direct investment, 80% of technology patents, and 90% of production technologies. Accompany with cross-border mergers and acquisitions is the adjustment and transfer of international industrial structure and the transfer of manufacturing bases in the world. The momentum is very fierce, catch up with less than. The industrial structure of industrialized countries has been and is being upgraded to high-tech and high value-added industries while the industries with low added-value and resource-consuming industries are being relocated to developing countries. While industrialized countries are upgrading their industries, they also transfer the low-end parts of high-tech and high value-added industries to developing countries by way of OEMs, while for their own country, In the cross-border mergers and acquisitions and international industrial transfer process, the other two representations of globalization: Global procurement and support, global design and manufacturing, the corresponding formation. The globalization of finance is the corollary of the above-mentioned representations. As a result, competition in the market has expanded worldwide and intensified. Economic globalization has driven the development of information technology and informationization, and the development of information technology and informationization has accelerated the process of globalization. The operation of transnational corporations, without the support of a global information network, is unthinkable. Global design and manufacturing are not only achieved but also work 24 hours a day because of the information and network. Global procurement and support can only be achieved through information Technology can be effectively carried out. Information has changed the people's time and space in the past, significantly speed up the rhythm, greatly improving efficiency. The original way of working, thinking habits, management concepts have been a great impact. Informatization has become an extremely important means of globalization. Globalization is a catalyst for informationization. Informatization also reduces the consumption of resources and shows humans a new way of acting on Earth, where resources are increasingly scarce. Globalization and informationization have brought enormous changes to the manufacturing industry in the world and also put forward realistic requirements for China to take a new road to industrialization. Recall from the 20th century to the 21st century, a series of great changes in the manufacturing industry that have taken place around us. Traditional manufacturing, characterized by mechanization and automation, has become a modern manufacturing industry that incorporates information technology and high technology. The 20th century manufacturing technology-centered, the implementation of professional division of labor, production organizations are divided by function of the fixed working group, the organizational structure of the enterprise is a pyramid-shaped structure, the order of operation. The 21st century manufacturing industry is people-centered, the implementation of the fuzzy division of labor, a multi-skill, the working group has become a self-management function of the "team", the organizational structure of the enterprise has generally adopted a more rapid response to the market, "flat Type "and" network type ", to take parallel mode of operation. The strategy of manufacturing enterprises in the 21st century is not a economies of scale but a rapid response to market and technological innovation. The concept of quality in a company changes from conformity quality concept to satisfaction quality concept. Enterprises will pay more attention to the environmental impact of products and manufacturing processes . Enterprises began to attach importance to intellectual property investment, from the past only provide products to provide solutions to problems, the mode of production is no longer the same species of high-volume production, but customized according to customer requirements. Corporate organizational model gradually from "olive" to "dumbbell-type" to strengthen the original weak research and development and sales of these two services through large-scale custom production and network manufacturing in pursuit of their own cost minimization and customer value maximize. Along the course of this revolution, the characteristics of the manufacturing industry in the future are as follows: globalization of market competition; large and widely distributed information; emphasis on environmental protection and conservation of resources; high and personalized user needs; accelerated changes in science and technology; Knowledge of technology intensive and so on. It can be expected that the future mode of manufacturing will be: small batch, variety, high quality, low cost, short development period, production flexibility and environment-friendly. Faced with this kind of change, in the context of globalization, China must complete the task of industrialization and take only the path of a new type of industrialization. In his report at the 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, Jiang Zemin pointed out: "To realize industrialization is still an arduous historic task in the process of our country's modernization. Informationization is an inevitable choice for China to speed up its industrialization and modernization. Industrialization and informationization through industrialization, and embarking on a new path of industrialization with a high technological content, good economic returns, low resource consumption, less environmental pollution and giving full play to the advantages of human resources. "China is faster than the already industrialized countries To complete the task of industrialization, we can not follow the path that industrialized countries have already taken. Moreover, China is facing enormous pressure of population, resources and environment. Taking a new road to industrialization is an inevitable choice. Informatization is an important part of taking a new road to industrialization in a globalized environment. The enormous pressure of the population, we have felt, and this pressure is still increasing. By 2030, our population will reach 15.1-16.1 billion people and an annual increase of about 10 million labor force. Among the many industries in the national economy, those who can provide such a huge employment space and ease the pressure of employment may only be manufacturing. The pressure of resources is also increasing. China's water shortage, arable land resources. It is estimated that the water resources per capita in China will drop to 1706 ~ 1819m3 in 2030, and per capita arable land will be less than 1mu. At the same time, the grassland resources in our country are seriously overloaded and the overloading rate is over 48%. China's relative shortage of mineral resources, most of the resources far below the world average per capita level, accounting for the highest proportion of mineral resources only reached 58% of the world's per capita level. China's energy there is not a small gap. The environmental protection in our country is getting worse day by day. The problems such as the reduction of cultivated land, soil and water loss, desertification, acid rain and urban sewage treatment have become increasingly prominent. As China's economy continues to grow in size and the people's material and cultural living standards continue to increase, the consumption of electromechanical products has risen sharply. According to the rough statistics, at present, China's annual reports of refrigerators, washing machines, television sets and computers are about 5 million sets each year, and the annual report scrap of automobiles It is also rapidly increasing, putting enormous pressure on the environment. Under these triple pressures, China's machinery manufacturing industry shoulders the arduous task. On the one hand, it is necessary for itself to take a new road to industrialization and industries should continue to upgrade; on the other hand, it should provide equipment and conditions for the entire economy on the road of high technological content, good economic returns, low resource consumption and less environmental pollution. Information can be said that China's machinery manufacturing industry to upgrade the only way. To promote the industrialization of information, information technology is upgrading the functional level of machinery manufacturing products; improve manufacturing process automation; improve labor productivity in manufacturing; integration of resources within and between enterprises. The promotion of informatization by industrialization is reflected in that manufacturing is the basis of informatization; manufacturing is also a big market for informatization; manufacturing provides equipment for informatization; and manufacturing is also a part of informatization. Under the circumstances and trend of globalization, China's machinery manufacturing industry must take the advantage of informationization. Otherwise, it will not only be hard to upgrade its industry, but may lose its initiative in the process of globalization. Because of the huge changes in the manufacturing industry, the future conditions for manufacturing success are: integrated enterprise management system; fully integrated and optimized design and manufacturing; flexible and distributed production; intelligent technology and equipment; technology, manufacturing With management system plug-and-play and science-based manufacturing. Correspondingly, the functional features of the products in the new century are moving towards ecologicalization, informatization, individuation and limit development, and the structural features are integrated and modularized, combined and standardized. The development process has gradually shifted to the areas of knowledge-based, distributed, Collaboration, virtualization, globalization, new and customized development. Faced with more and more complex, personalized, intelligent and ecological product demand, product design process in addition to knowledge-based innovation, intelligence and globalization, but also flexible, distributed coordination and parallelization. Its methods and means that is to take CAD / CAE, networked, intelligent and virtualization. In a globalized environment, the informationization of machinery manufacturing industry is imminent. In the process of informationization, enterprises use global information networks and network technologies to collaborate, share knowledge and information around the world, optimize their manufacturing resources, make networked manufacturing and create and accumulate wealth in the most economical way. Only in this way, companies can win the market, win the competition, and constantly improve their competitiveness. The important content of mechanical manufacturing information is the enterprise information. In the 21st century, manufacturing enterprises should increase their competitiveness. In addition to continuing to work on such aspects as transformation mechanism, technological innovation, strengthening management and reorganization of assets, enterprises must also become more competitive enterprises through informationization of enterprises. Machinery manufacturing enterprise information is to make full use of information technology and other high-tech transformation and upgrading of traditional machinery manufacturing enterprises in the mechanical products throughout the life cycle, extensive use of information technology, information resources and environment, information integration and sharing, to achieve business resources The optimal configuration and efficient operation, thereby enhancing economic efficiency and competitiveness. Therefore, the contents of enterprise informatization can be divided into the following four aspects according to the degree of development: The first level: Integrating information technology and computer technology into mechanical products to improve their own quality, functional level, technical content and additional value. For example, in the design and production of mechanical products into sensors, microcontrollers, microprocessors, PLC, NC, digital communications interfaces and laser and other modern information technology and high-tech, thus forming a mechatronic products, and thus form a technology-integrated products. The second level: the use of computer products to achieve the manufacturing process of automatic control. Advanced manufacturing control technologies such as intelligent CNC machining and robotic technology, programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and intelligent sensor technologies, flexible manufacturing cells and flexible manufacturing systems (FMCs, FMSs) are used in the manufacturing process to enable large Amplitude of the production process to improve the flexibility, automation, the degree of intelligence, improve productivity, improve working conditions, reduce manufacturing costs and energy consumption, to achieve efficient, reliable, multi-species, batch production requirements to meet growing customer's personality Diversified needs The third level: the use of computer systems to achieve the internal management system. This level of work includes MIS (Business Management Information System), Business Process Reengineering (BPR), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Business Intelligence (BI), CRM, CPC, PDM, SCM, DFM / A, OA and so on. Through the management of production and business activities and human resources, financial resources, logistics, production, supply, sales and service and other aspects of information management, rationalize the internal logistics, capital flow, information flow, integration of enterprise resources, optimize the combination and Comprehensive utilization, and establish and enterprise information management system and organizational management model to form a market response quickly, service quality and efficient operation and management mechanism. The fourth level: the use of the Internet to carry out e-commerce. Enterprises through the Internet to carry out e-commerce (including online advertising, online marketing, online shopping, network services, etc.), reduce intermediate links, reduce sales costs, improve market competitiveness. Machinery manufacturing enterprise information should be both management information, should also include product information (that is, in the product into the information technology). Now, more and more, when it comes to enterprise informationization, it is considered as management informationization. In fact, for machinery manufacturing enterprises, product informationization is also an important content. Just think, in the information technology and mechanical manufacturing technology integration, infiltration depth and breadth of the case, the mechanical products do not integrate information technology, how to meet the requirements of information technology. In recent years, great progress has been made in the informationization of machinery manufacturing industry. Especially in the popularization and popularization and application of CAD technology, great achievements have been made. This can be seen from the sample of 166 enterprises surveyed in 2002. The surveyed companies, 100% of the use of CAD technology, of which 63% of the enterprises of the product CAD drawing rate of 100%. However, overall, the application of CAD technology is still not high enough. Only 16% of 166 enterprises under investigation have conducted structural optimization calculations, and only 6% of them have carried out simulation and design. The percentage of information technology in products is still relatively low. Enterprise information has brought significant effect to the enterprise. Of the 166 enterprises surveyed, after CAD technology was applied, enterprises shortening the design period of 40% or more accounted for 76%. It is generally believed that CAD technology has a very good effect on improving product design quality and improving product performance. From the application of MRP â…¡ / ERP successful enterprises, its benefits are also very clear, such as purchasing cycle can be shortened by 60%, 25% reduction in inventory funds, cost accounting efficiency increased by 50 times and so on. However, judging from the current application situation of manufacturing enterprises, the application of MRPâ…¡ / ERP is not extensive, and the reform of enterprise management mode is not well integrated and the success rate is not high enough. The effectiveness of the information technology of machinery manufacturing is not ideal enough, there are still many deviations in the understanding. "Not yet reached" - China's manufacturing enterprises have not yet reached the information age; "drop in the bucket" - the current number of business problems, information technology can not solve the difficulties; "ignoring the foundation" - the management of information-based management As a prerequisite lack of necessary understanding; "technology first" - the information technology as a mere technical work rather than involving the overall work; "Tung Chi effect" - simply follow the success of other enterprise information success, according to the same picture; "the pursuit of vast "- Blind pursuit of high level, big investment, that the larger the project the greater the effectiveness;" show level "- the informatization only as a show business rather than to improve efficiency;" exclude outside the brain "- always think only the enterprise itself Of the best software for the enterprise; "new bottle of old wine" - the application of advanced computer-aided management tools in the old management mode; "fragmented" - each set of internal departments, lack of coordination, resources are not shared; "Retain" - that the enterprise information has been effective, in the line Industry-leading; "once and for all" - The information system that has been built is quite advanced and will not lag behind in a few years. All these all affect the deepening and promotion of enterprise information. A considerable part of enterprises, a lot of information technology, the reason did not achieve the desired results, the key is not without the actual business, not with the changes in the mode of production of enterprises together, not with business process reengineering. Modes and technologies of modern manufacturing systems are endless and dizzying. We can often hear about 40 manufacturing modes and technologies. The application of these models and technologies, the key is to grasp the essence, due to the enterprise system. With the development of technology, some new models and technologies will be introduced continuously. However, its fundamentals are nothing more than lean, agile, efficient, win-win, sharing and coordination, ultimately realizing the improvement of the core competitiveness of enterprises. Summarize the experience and lessons of enterprise information success and failure, enterprise information to be effective, we must implement the following 56 key tips: leadership attention, full input; overall planning, step by step; ability to do, pay attention to results; track trends, Apply advanced; people-oriented, training first; integrated thinking, resource sharing; network construction, to ensure safety. In a globalized environment, the implementation of information technology in the machinery manufacturing industry will make the machinery manufacturing industry go along the road of new-type industrialization. In this process, it is bound to promote the upgrading and evolution of the machinery manufacturing industry. Machinery manufacturing industry is the carrier of high-tech achievements into real productive forces, while itself also contains high-tech industries. Machinery manufacturing industry to absorb and integrate high-tech, machinery manufacturing industry to achieve industrial upgrading, while a considerable part of the machinery manufacturing industry to high-tech industries, which is a trend of science and technology development. After the promotion and evolution of China's machinery manufacturing industry, will no longer be people in the original concept of resource consumption, labor-intensive, poor working environment, low technology, environmental impact, low added value, labor-intensive industries. China's machinery manufacturing industry has been upgraded through information technology, so that generations of workers in machinery manufacturing industry work hard to achieve the goal - to revitalize China's machinery manufacturing industry will eventually become a reality.